پاکستانی زبانیں
173 زبانوں/بولیوں اور لہجوں پر دلچسپ اور نایاب معلومات
توروالی
"توروالی زبان" (Torwali)، وادی سوات کے وسطی علاقہ میں بولی جانے والی ایک قدیم زبان ہے۔۔!
"ہند آریائی" (Indo-Aryan) زبانوں کے "دردستانی گروپ" سے تعلق رکھنے والی "توروالی" زبان، "بحرین کوہستانی" کے نام سے بھی جانی جاتی ہے۔ "کوہستانی" اور "کالامی" زبانوں کے ساتھ گہرا رشتہ ہے۔ شمالی پاکستان میں مدائن کے شمال میں دریائے سوات کے مقام بحرین اور چیل کے علاقوں میں مقامی طور پر بولی جاتی ہے۔
صوبہ خیبرپختونخواہ کے علاقہ کوہستان کی یہ علاقائی زبان "توروالی"، بارہ سو قبل مسیح کی گندھارا تہذیب کی نشانی ہے جس کو محفوظ رکھنے کی کوشش کی جارہی ہے لیکن معدومی کے خطرے سے دوچار ہے۔
توروالی کا حروفِ تہجی
"توروالی" زبان کا حروفِ تہجی 7-2005ء میں متعارف کروایا گیا جس میں پشتو زبان کی مخصوص آوازیں شامل ہیں البتہ حروف کی بناوٹ اردو/پنجابی کی ہے۔ حروف کی تعداد متنازعہ ہے۔ مقامی طور پر علاقائی زبان ہی میں تعلیم دی جارہی ہے۔
Title: | Torwali - توروالی |
Type: | Language |
Speakers: | 130,000 |
Region: | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan |
Location: | Northeastern Afghanistan & Pakistan and northwestern India |
Family: | Indo-European, Indo-Iranian |
Group: | Indo-Aryan, Dardic, Kohistani |
Status: | Stable |
Dictionary, Grammar, Literature | |
Writting: | Arabic |
Etc.: | Other names: Torwālī, Turvali, Dardu |
Pakistan Linguistic Database
Pakistan Linguistic Database on PAK Magazine contains information on 173 languages, dialects and accents.
12 main languages
Details on main languages in Pakistan.
1. | Arabic |
2. | Balochi |
3. | Brahui |
4. | English |
5. | Hindi |
6. | Hindko |
7. | Pashto |
8. | Persian |
9. | Punjabi |
10. | Saraiki |
11. | Sindhi |
12. | Urdu |
58 Languages
A complete list of languages of Pakistan.
No. | Language | Region | Group |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Aer | Sindh, Pakistan | Western Indo-Aryan, Gujarati |
2 | Arabic | The Muslim World | Semitic |
3 | Arsoniwar | Chitral, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan |
4 | Badeshi | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Unclassified |
5 | Bagri | Punjab, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan |
6 | Balochi | Balochistan, Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan | Western Iranian, Northwestern |
7 | Balti | Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan | Bodish, Ladakhi–Balti |
8 | Bashgaliwar | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan |
9 | Bateri | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Dardic Kohistani |
10 | Bengali | Bangladesh, India and Karachi, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan |
11 | Bhaya | Sindh, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Western Hindi |
12 | Brahui | Balochistan, Pakistan | Northern |
13 | Burushaski | Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan | South Asian |
14 | Chilisso | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Dardic, Kohistani |
15 | Dameli | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Dardic, Kunar |
16 | Dari | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan and Afghanistan | Western Iranian, Persian |
17 | Dogri | Jammu & Kashmir | Indo-Aryan, Northern, Western Pahari |
18 | English | the whole world | Germanic |
19 | Gawar-Bati | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Dardic, Kunar |
20 | Gawri | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Dardic, Kohistani |
21 | Ghera | Sindh, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Western Hindi |
22 | Goaria | Sindh, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Rajasthani |
23 | Gowro | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Dardic, Kohistani |
24 | Gujarati | Sindh, Pakistan | Western Indo-Aryan |
25 | Gurgula | Sindh, Pakistan | Western Indo-Aryan, Rajasthani |
26 | Hindi | India | Central Indo-Aryan, Western Hindi, Hindustani |
27 | Hindko | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Northwestern, Punjabic, Lahnda |
28 | Kalasha | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Dardic, Chitrali |
29 | Kalkoti | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Eastern Dardic, Shinaic |
30 | Kashmiri | Kashmir | Indo-Aryan, Dardic |
31 | Kati | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Nuristani |
32 | Khowar | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Chitrali |
33 | Kohistani | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Eastern Dardic |
34 | Kundal Shahi | Azad Kashmir | Indo-Aryan, Eastern Dardic, Shinaic |
35 | Loarki | Sindh, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Western, Rajasthani |
36 | Marwari | Punjab, Sindh, Pakistan | Western Indo-Aryan, Rajasthani |
37 | Memoni | Sindh, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Northwestern, Sindhic |
38 | Mewati | Punjab and Sindh in Pakistan | Indo-Aryan |
39 | Oadki | Sindh, Pakistan | Western Indo-Aryan, Rajasthani |
40 | Ormuri | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Eastern Iranian |
41 | Palula | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Eastern Dardic |
42 | Parkari Koli | Sindh, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Western, Gujarati |
43 | Pashto | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan and Afghanistan | Eastern-Iranian |
44 | Persian | Iran and Balochistan, Pakistan | Western Iranian |
45 | Punjabi | Pakistani and Indian Punjab | Indo-Aryan, Northwestern |
46 | Sansi | Sindh, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan |
47 | Saraiki | Punjab, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Northwestern, Punjabic, Lahnda |
48 | Sarikoli | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Eastern-Iranian, Shugni-Yazgulami |
49 | Shina | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Gilgit-Baltistan and Kashmir | Indo-Aryan, Eastern Dardic |
50 | Sikhi Punjabi | Punjab, India | Indo-Aryan, Northwestern |
51 | Sindhi | Sindh, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Northwestern, Sindhic |
52 | Thall Lamenti | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan |
53 | Torwali | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Dardic, Kohistani |
54 | Urdu | Pakistan and India | Central Indo-Aryan, Western Hindi, Hindustani |
55 | Ushojo | Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Indo-Aryan, Eastern Dardic, Kohistani |
56 | Uyghur | Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan | Turkic |
57 | Wakhi | Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikstan and China | Eastern Iranian |
58 | Yidgha | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | Eastern-Iranian |
64 Dialects
A list of known dialects of various languages in Pakistan.
No. | Dialect | Language | Region |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Bazigar | Punjabi | Punjab, Pakistan |
2 | Bilaspuri | Punjabi | Himachal Pradesh, India |
3 | Brokskat | Shina | Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan |
4 | Central Pashto | Pashto | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan |
5 | Chambeali | Punjabi | Himachal Pradesh, India |
6 | Cholistani | Punjabi/Saraiki | Punjab, Pakistan |
7 | Dawoodi | Burushaski | Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan |
8 | Dehwari | Persian | Balochistan, Pakistan |
9 | Derawali | Punjabi/Saraiki | Punjab, Pakistan |
10 | Dhatki | Sindhi | Sindh, Pakistan |
11 | Doabi | Punjabi | Punjab, Pakistan |
12 | Dogri | Punjabi | Jammu & Kashmir |
13 | Faraqi | Sindhi | Sindh, Pakistan |
14 | Gojri | Punjabi | Jammu & Kashmir |
15 | Hazargi | Persian | Balochistan, Pakistan |
16 | Hindko | Punjabi | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan |
17 | Jadgali | Sindhi | Sindh, Pakistan |
18 | Jandavra | Gujarati | Sindh, Pakistan |
19 | Jangli | Punjabi | Punjab, Pakistan |
20 | Jhalawani | Brahui | Balochistan, Pakistan |
21 | Jogi | Hindi | Sindh, Pakistan |
22 | Kabutra | Hindi | Sindh, Pakistan |
23 | Kachi Koli | Gujarati | Sindh, Pakistan |
24 | Kangri | Punjabi | Himachal Pradesh, India |
25 | Khetrani | Punjabi/Saraiki | Balochistan, Pakistan |
26 | Komviri | Pashto | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan |
27 | Koroshi | Balochi | Balochistan, Pakistan |
28 | Kullui | Punjabi | Himachal Pradesh, India |
29 | Kutchi | Sindhi | Sindh, Pakistan |
30 | Lari | Sindhi | Sindh, Pakistan |
31 | Lasi | Sindhi | Sindh, Pakistan |
32 | Madaklashti | Persian | Balochistan, Pakistan |
33 | Majhi | Punjabi | Punjab, Pakistan |
34 | Makrani | Balochi | Balochistan, Pakistan |
35 | Malwai | Punjabi | Punjab, India |
36 | Mandeali | Punjabi | Himachal Pradesh, India |
37 | Mankiyali | Hindko | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan |
38 | Mewari | Hindi | Sindh, Pakistan |
39 | Multani | Punjabi/Saraiki | Punjab, Pakistan |
40 | Northern Pashto | Pashto | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan |
41 | Pamir Kyrgyz | Kyrgyz | Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan |
42 | Pothwari | Punjabi | Northern Punjab, Pakistan |
43 | Puadhi | Punjabi | Punjab, Pakistan |
44 | Purgi | Balti | Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan and India |
45 | Rakhshani | Balochi | Balochistan, Pakistan |
46 | Rakhshani Brahui | Brahui | Balochistan, Pakistan |
47 | Rangri | Hindi | Punjab, Pakistan |
48 | Riasti | Punjabi/Saraiki | Punjab, Pakistan |
49 | Saraiki | Punjabi | Punjab, Pakistan |
50 | Saravani | Brahui | Balochistan, Pakistan |
51 | Saroli | Sindhi | Sindh, Pakistan |
52 | Sawi | Shina | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan |
53 | Shahpuri | Punjabi | Punjab, Pakistan |
54 | Sindhi Bhil | Sindhi | Sindh, Pakistan |
55 | Sindhi Brahui | Brahui | Balochistan, Pakistan |
56 | Southern Pashto | Pashto | Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan |
57 | Sulemani | Balochi | Balochistan, Pakistan |
58 | Thalochri | Punjabi/Saraiki | Punjab, Pakistan |
59 | Thareli | Sindhi | Sindh, Pakistan |
60 | Utradi | Sindhi | Sindh, Pakistan |
61 | Vaghri | Gujarati | Sindh, Pakistan |
62 | Wacholi | Sindhi | Sindh, Pakistan |
63 | Wadiyara Koli | Gujarati | Sindh, Pakistan |
64 | Waneci | Pashto | Balochistan, Pakistan |
53 Accents
A list of known accents of various dialects and languages in Pakistan.
No. | Accent | Dialect | Language |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Aajri | Hindko | Punjabi |
2 | Afridi | Northern Pashto | Pashto |
3 | Awankari | Pothwari/Hindko | Punjabi |
4 | Baar di Boli | Majhi | Punjabi |
5 | Banawali | Malwai | Sikh Punjabi |
6 | Bhattiani | Malwai | Sikh Punjabi |
7 | Bherochi | Shahpuri | Punjabi |
8 | Bugti | Sulemani | Balochi |
9 | Chenavri | Majhi | Punjabi |
10 | Chenhawri | Multani | Punjabi/Saraiki |
11 | Chhachhi | Pothwari/Hindko | Punjabi |
12 | Dhanni | Shahpuri/Hindko | Punjabi |
13 | Domki | Makrani | Balochi |
14 | Ghebi | Pothwari/Hindko | Punjabi |
15 | Hindki | Multani | Punjabi/Saraiki |
16 | Jaghdali | Derawali | Punjabi/Saraiki |
17 | Jandli | Pothwari | Punjabi |
18 | Jatki | Majhi | Punjabi |
19 | Jattatar | Majhi | Punjabi |
20 | Kachhi | Thalochri | Punjabi/Saraiki |
21 | Kachi | Majhi | Punjabi |
22 | Kalati | Rakhshani | Balochi |
23 | Kandahar | Southern Pashto | Pashto |
24 | Karachi | Makrani | Balochi |
25 | Kechi | Makrani | Balochi |
26 | Kohati | Hindko | Punjabi |
27 | Lammay di Boli | Majhi | Punjabi |
28 | Lashari | Makrani | Balochi |
29 | Lhori | Majhi | Punjabi |
30 | Lubanki | Malwai | Sikh Punjabi |
31 | Mandwani | Sulemani | Balochi |
32 | Mazari | Sulemani | Balochi |
33 | Mirpuri | Pothwari | Punjabi |
34 | Mulki | Thalochri | Punjabi/Saraiki |
35 | Pachhadi | Derawali | Punjabi/Saraiki |
36 | Pahari | Pothwari | Punjabi |
37 | Panjgori | Rakhshani | Balochi |
38 | Pashori | Hindko | Punjabi |
39 | Pindiwal | Pothwari | Punjabi |
40 | Poonchhi | Pothwari | Punjabi |
41 | Rachnavi | Majhi | Punjabi |
42 | Rathi | Jhangvi | Punjabi/Saraiki |
43 | Rathoori | Malwai | Sikh Punjabi |
44 | Sarawani | Rakhshani | Balochi |
45 | Sarhaddi | Rakhshani | Balochi |
46 | Shakargarh | Majhi | Punjabi |
47 | Sialkoti | Majhi | Punjabi |
48 | Sibi | Sulemani | Balochi |
49 | Swaen | Hindko | Punjabi |
50 | Ubhay di Boli | Majhi | Punjabi |
51 | Wazirabadi | Majhi | Punjabi |
52 | Waziri | Southern Pashto | Pashto |
53 | Yusufzai | Northern Pashto | Pashto |
پاک میگزین، ایک منفرد ویب سائٹ
پاک میگزین پر پاکستان کے سال بسال اہم ترین تاریخی اور سیاسی واقعات کے علاوہ پاکستانی زبانوں کا ڈیٹا بیس، حروفِ تہجی کی تاریخ اور پاکستان کی فلمی تاریخ پر نایاب معلومات دستیاب ہیں۔
پاکستان کی سیاسی تاریخ
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06-09-1965: صدر ایوب کی 6 ستمبر 1965 کی تاریخی تقریر
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